Killearn Table

Killearn

 

Name	Value	Date	Grid Ref	Map Sources	Other forms, comments etc
Kilmonan Kilmannan	davach? Carucate	1223 1388 & 1423	NS 5179	Blaeu(Lennox) Roy(GM)	RMS VII (190) 1609. See text file ‘Davachs in Lennox?’. See below. Kilmunen in GD220/1/A/3/6/5 1560. Kilmonans in GD220/1/A/5/4/8 1599.
Lecher			c. NS 5179	Blaeu(Lennox)	Lecher in GD220/1/A/3/6/5 1560. Easter & Wester in GD220/1/A/5/4/8 1599. Only survives as Lecher Burn.
Auchineden	20s	1724	NS 5179	Blaeu(Lennox) Roy(GM)	Auchinedin in GD220/1/A/3/6/5 1560. Easter & Wester Achinidan in GD220/1/A/5/4/8 1599. See below.
Carston			NS 5084	Blaeu(Lennox)	Caerstoun(Blaeu). See below.
Gillieston	40s (3m)	1692	NS 5083	Blaeu(Lennox)	Callistoun(Blaeu). GD220/1/F/2/2/1. Guthrie Smith, Strathendrick, pp 252, 255, 337 equates Middle Ledlewan, Moss and Gillieston.
Middle Ledlewan (= Moss)	40s (3m)	1518	NS 5183	Pont(32) Blaeu(Lennox)	OSA (1795) says that Moss consists of a ‘plough’ of land. This will not be the same as a carucate. Guthrie Smith, Strathendrick, pp 316-7.
Ledlewan			NS 5182	Pont(32) Blaeu(Lennox)	See below.
Eschend		c. 1350			Aschend in Cart. de Levenax p 81. See below.
Ranroy	20m	1545		Grassom(1817)	20m Ranrye (1580). This is the 20m Eschend estate.
Asquhomore	5m	1638			5m Asquomoir in Dumbarton Retours (45) 1646
Renroy   Over Renroy Nether Renroy	⅛ land 5m	c. 1350 1638	NS 5085/5086	Blaeu(Lennox) Roy(GM26)	5m Rinroy in Dumbarton Retours (45) 1646. Blaeu marks N(ether?). Ronroy to W of O(ver?) Rontroy, both just south of Endrick Water.
Garcher	⅛ land	c. 1350			= Nether Renroy? See below under Eschend.
Little Drumquharn Meikle Drumquharn	5m 5m	1638 1552-3	NS 5187 NS 5088	Blaeu(Lennox)? Grassom(1817)	S side of Endrick Water. N side of Endrick Water – in an extension of Killearn parish. In 1552-3 5m Drumquharie is part of the 40m barony of Crannynane so this is more likely to be Meikle. Part of Drumteane estate.
Drumtian	5m	1527	NS 5188	Blaeu(Lennox)	See below.
Ballochruin			NS 5288	Blaeu(Lennox)	Part of the barony of Cremannan. See below.
Croyne (Croy)	¼ land (£5)				See below.
Croy Cunningham	50s (3¾m)	1588	NS 5085	Pont(32) Blaeu(Lennox)	‘formerly called Croy-Maxwell, now Croy-Cunynghame’ (1588).
Croy Leckie	50s (3¾m)	1698	NS 5084?	Roy(GM26)	Now Killearn House in NS 5084?
Little Croie			NS 5085?	Roy(GM26)	Now Home Farm in NS 5085?
Killearn	½ carucate £5 40s	c. 1248 1550 1603	NS 5285	Pont(32) Blaeu(Lennox)	£5(1596, 1601). See below. GD220/1/A/5/5/7 1603.
Spittal			NS 520861	Edgar(1745) OS (1861)	See below. Ex Templars. OS 6″ 1st Series, Stirlingshire Sheet XX, 1861.
Ibert			NS 5286		Ibert often linked to Treinbeg (q.v.) and Killearn (q.v). Auchenibert is close by in NS 5385. For further detail see http://www.edmonstone.com/.
Treinbeg	20s	1603		Blaeu(Lennox)	Trin Beg (Blaeu) – SW of Killearn. Treinbeg often linked to Ibert and Killearn (q.v). 20s Treinbeg and Ibert in GD220/1/A/5/5/7 1603.
Carbeth (House)			NS 5287	Blaeu(Lennox) Grassom(1817) RHP142209	Carbeths(Blaeu). Carfbethrune c. 1350. See below.
Nentbolg Ferdane	quarterland	c. 1350			See under Arachors b) below.
Letter	£10	1487	NS 5284	Blaeu(Lennox) Roy(GM26)	See below.
(Temple) Letter	(¼m)	1627	c. NS 5284		‘terris templariis de Letter’. See below under Letter and in separate Spittal table. Ex-Templars.
Spittle of Dumgoin			NS 5383	Roy(GM26)	I think Roy means the Spittal of Letter here.
Blairessan House			NS 5286
Boquhan Old House Boquhan	£10?	1614	NS 5487 NS 5387	Blaeu(Lennox)	L. Bowhom, M. Bowhon (Blaeu) = Little Boquhan, Meikle Boquhan? With Ballochruin as £10 in GD220/1/D/6/1/2 1614? See below under Ballochruin.
(Temple) Boquhan Beg		1493	NS 5387/5487		Ex-Templars. See Spittal table.
Machar Glen			NS 5485	Blaeu(Lennox)	Machirbreck (Blaeu)
Drumschogill	40m	1545			40m in RMS III (3140) 1545 & RMS V (76) 1580. These are my only references and I assume they refer to a 40m estate which centred on Branshogle.
Mains of Branshogle	10m	1545	NS 5487	Pont(32) Blaeu(Lennox)	Blareschogill (1477-8), Burnschogill (1545), £5 Blairschogill (1567), £5 Blairnshoggill (1625), Branshogil(l) (Pont), Barshogle (Blaeu). Maines de Blairinshogall (1673). With Culvakkane in 1477-8. See below.
Culvakkane   Calvachan	(20s or 1½m?)	1477-8 1673	NS 558874	Blaeu(Lennox) Roy(GM26) OS (1861)	Linked with Blareschogill in 1477-8. ½ Culvochtan given an E(xtent) of 10s in Stirling Retours (264) 1673. Coulbakkan (Blaeu), Culvakan (Roy(GM26)). See below.
Spittle/Temple (Ballikinrain)		1457	c. NS 5585/5685	Roy(GM26)	South of Culvakan & Ballikinrain. See below. Ex-Templars. This may be Spittle of Craiglard marked by Edgar (1745). Guthrie Smith, Strathendrick, pp 192, 195, 197.
(Old) Ballikinrain	£5 (7½m)	1545	NS 5588 + NS 5687/5787	Pont(32) Blaeu(Lennox)	£5 (1567, 1580, 1625). W & E in Blaeu. For old boundaries see Guthrie Smith, Strathendrick, p 191.
(Easter) Gerchew		1599	NS 5887/5888	Blaeu(Lennox) Edgar(1745) Roy(GM26) Grassom(1817)	Garchill in Blaeu. Garhill in GD220/1/A/5/4/8 1599.   W. Garchew is N of Endrick Water in Roy(GM26).
Hilton		1599		Edgar(1745)	Hiltoun of Balglas in GD220/1/A/5/4/8 1599.
Old Balglas			NS 5887	Pont(32) Blaeu(Lennox)	See below under Glenboig.
Corrie of Balglass			NS 5985	Blaeu(Lennox)
Balhennat					Only source is GD220/1/A/5/4/8 1599.
Netherton			NS 5988
Overton			NS 5987
Glenboig Easter Glenboig Upper Glenboig Glenboig Mill Middle Enbog West Glenbog	½ arachor 5m     5m 5m	c.1250? 1598     1616 1505	NS 6087 NS 6087 NS 6088	Blaeu(Lennox)	E. & W. Ninboig (Blaeu(Lennox)). See under Arachors a) below. See below under Glenboig.     Middle Enbog = Glenboig-Cuninghame
Glenboig-Cunyngham & Glenboig-Mackewin	10m	1625			Glenboig-Cunyngham = Middle Enbog
Tenpence			NS 4880		10d = 1/16 of a merk. Probably a grazing.
Total	92m

 

Arachors

1. a) Cartularium de Levenax pp 34-5, Maldonich earl of Lennox (c. 1250?) granted Luce, son of Master Michael of Fyntryf:

illam dimidiam arrachar de Nentbolg que propinquior est terre de Fyntryf, et quam dictus magister Michael de me tenuit per has divisas, videlicet sicut rivulus qui appellatur Gyndhame descendit de monte et currit in Annerech, et ex parte occidentali sicut alius rivulus qui vocatur Bolgy descendit de monte et currit in Anneric, et sicut idem Anneric fluere solebat inter Bolgy et Gyndhame, … faciendo forinsecum servitium domini Regis quantum pertinet ad dimidiam unius arrachar in Levenax.

(that half arachor of Nentbolg which lies nearer to Fintry, which the said Master Michael held from me within these boundaries, viz., as the burn which is called Gyndhame falls from the hill and runs into the Endrick, and on the west as another burn called Bolgy falls from the hill and runs into the Endrick, and as the Endrick used to flow between Bolgy and Gyndhame, … doing the King’s forinsec service – as much as pertains to half an arachor in Lennox). (GD22/3/531).

 

The OPS map equates Gyndhame with the Gonachan Burn (joins the Endrick at NS 6386) whereas I think the Gyndhame is more likely to be just west of Kilunan – which was itself at the west end of Fintry parish. It marks the Bolgy as a burn running north into the Endrick just west of Nentbolg (now Glenboig). There is more than one possible burn marked on Explorer 348. It could be the Cloch Burn (which joins the Endrick in NS 5888) or a burn nearer Glenboig. At any rate it was a half-arachor lying on the south side of the R. Endrick and west of Fintry. It is interesting that the document uses the phrase sicut idem Anneric fluere solebat (as the Endrick used to flow) which indicates an understanding that the river had changed its course over time. We meet similar comments about the Kelvin (see under Campsie parish).

 

1. b) Cartularium de Levenax pp 53-4, Donald earl of Lennox (c. 1350) granted Gilaspic, son of Macmaldouney, son of Alwin:

illam quartariam terre que vocatur Nentbolg Ferdane, jacentem inter Carfbethrune ex parte una et Culbachane ex parte altera  …dictam quartariam terre de Nentbolg

(that quarterland called Nentbolg Ferdane, lying between Carfbethrune on the one side and Culbachane on the other … the said quarterland of Nentbolg).

(OPS I p 42 discusses this under the parish of Fintray).

 

Carfbethrune will be Carbeth – in this case Carbeth at NS 5287 – not the Carbeth at NS 5379 in Strathblane. The name is marked on Blaeu so is not modern. Culbachane is Culvakkane (c. NS 5586) which is on record from 1477-8. It is Coulbakkan in Blaeu, Culvochtan in 1673 and Culvakan in Roy(GM26). On this reading Nentbolg Ferdane lay E of Carbeth and W of Culvakkane, on the south side of the Endrick. Unfortunately I have no clear assessments to match to this quarterland. It is described as Nentbolg Ferdane – could Ferdan be a proper name as in Beda Ferdan (Register of Paisley pp 166-167)?

 

Kilmannan

Kilmonan is one of the 14 ‘davachtis’ referred to in 1223 (RMS VII (190) 1609).

 

Fraser, Lennox, II, No 3, Alexander II confirms charter of Maldouen to Simon Croc c. 1225:

de Brengrochane et Kynmonedhane et Garbethe

(of Brengrochane & Kynmonedhane & Garbethe)

Kynmonedhane = Kilmannan, Garbethe or Carbeth is just east in Strathblane parish. See also GD220/2/1/3.

 

Fraser, Lennox, II, No 13, Resignation by Simon Crok c. 1272

de Brengrouchan, Kilmonethan, et Garthebeth

(as above). See also GD220/2/1/13 c. 1272

 

The place-name Kynmunchayr occurs in the Paisley Register (p 176) in a document dateable to c. 1271-1274 (not p. 1488 as suggested in the Tabula p xiv).

(See under Dalnotter, Old (or West) Kilpatrick, for full discussion of dating and Hugh Fleming’s ownership of Dunnotyr). The context is a dispute over whether the lands of Dunnotyr properly belonged to Paisley Abbey. The document also refers to an unnamed grazing of Dunnotyr’s which lay between Paisley’s property of Bachan (Baccan) and Hugh’s property of Kynmunchayr. Bachan may have been in the very north of Kilpatrick parish and I think Kynmunchayr will be the same as Kynmonedhane or Kilmonethan above. Presumably Hugh Fleming had acquired Kynmunchayr at the time of Simon Croc’s resignation c. 1272.

 

Cartularium de Levenax pp 59-60, at Inchmurine 1394, Duncan, earl of Lennox, granted to Walter de Buchanane

terram de Ladlewn, illam videlicet que propinquior est terre de Kylmenoghane

(the land of Ladlewn, namely that which is nearer to the land of Kylmenoghane)

 

Ladlewn is now Ledlewan at NS 5182/5183. If this was neighbouring Kylmenoghane in 1394 then the latter was probably in the area to the SW – perhaps near what is now Auchineden Farm in NS 5179.

 

Kilmannan was once the name of a carucate (or davach). Fraser, Lennox, I, pp 28-9, prints a warrant from Robert II to Sir Patrick Graham in 1388. He grants that ‘the carucate of Kilmonevane’ plus Clockbar, Dougalistown, Barloch, Kaystoun and the two Tavnachis be transferred from Dunbartonshire to Stirlingshire. These lands also appear as Graham properties in RMS II (165) 1430.

 

In RMS II (165, 166) 1430 (on originals of 1423) James I confirmed a charter of Duncan, earl of Lennox, which granted to Sir William Grahame the lands of the carucate of Kylmonagane – amongst others. In a similar list in RMS II (634) 1458 this is Kilmoran.

 

However, J Bruce, History of the Parish of Kilpatrick, p 251, quotes Dumbarton Burgh records for 1372 that Patrick de Greym (Graham) disposed of the lands of ‘Kyllemonethdam et Kyllerman’ (Kilmannan & either Killermont or Kilcrinan?) to support a chaplain in the parish church of Dumbarton. Apparently these lands had come to him from Isabella Fleming of Dalnotter and, as we have seen above, Hugh Fleming had Dunnotyr and Kynmunchayr c. 1271-4. On the one hand this suggests the Grahams had acquired Kilmannan from the Flemings by 1372. On the other it suggests they had disposed of it again. Perhaps the latter was not effective because the carucate of Kilmannan is given as a Graham property in 1388 and 1423. Kilmunen is given as part of the (Graham) barony of Mugdock in GD220/1/A/3/6/5 1560.

 

The succession of names in the documentary record is Kilmonan (1223), Kynmonedhane (c. 1225), Kilmonethan (c. 1272), Kynmunchayr (c. 1271-4), Kyllemonethdam (1372), Kilmonevane (1388), Kylmenoghane (1394), Kylmonagane (1423), Kilmoran (1458), Kilmunen (1560), Kilmonak (Blaeu), Kilmannan (today).

 

Kilmonak in Blaeu(Lennox) is north of Aldmarrak. Roy(GM26) gives Killmanan. Kilmannan Reservoir is at NS 4978.

I think Auchineden Farm (see following entry) now probably occupies the old site of Kilmannan. It is striking that the last element of Auchineden is similar to the last element of some of the early readings of Kilmannan.

 

The earliest references to Killearn, Kilcreggan in Rosneath, and possibly Kilmannan, suggest that the original prefix may have been Kyn (<ceann, head) and not Kil (<cille, church).

 

Auchineden

On OS Explorer 348 Auchineden is marked in NS 5080 and Auchineden Farm in NS 5179. The distance between Auchineden Spout (NS 5078) and Auchineden Burn (NS 5081) occupies some 3 kilometres. I think the name ‘Auchineden Farm’ has probably moved south to replace that of Kilmannan (q.v.). Guthrie Smith, Strathendrick, p 298 fn 11, gives Auchinevin as 20s in 1724. Achneen in Roy(FC).

 

Carston

I have found no valuations for Carston.

 

Ledlewan

Robertson’s Index p 50, No 10, reign of David II, is a charter to Malcolm Cissore ‘of ane annual [return] furth of Leydlovane‘.

Cartularium de Levenax pp 59-60, in 1394 Duncan, earl of Lennox, granted to Walter de Buchanane,

terram de Ladlewn, illam videlicet que propinquior est terre de Kylmenoghane … quam terram Adam de Spydelach … resignavit

(the land of Ladlewn [Ledlewan], viz that which is nearer to Kylmenoghane … which land Adam de Spydelach … resigned).

The Reddendo was 2½m sterling per annum – which just might represent the extent. In the following charter (pp 60-61) the 2½m is given as an annual return to Finlay son of Kessan.

In RMS II (165, 166) 1430 (on originals of 1423) James I confirmed a charter of Duncan, earl of Lennox, which granted to Sir William Grahame the lands of Westirladlawane and the superiority of Myddilladlawane. In RMS II (634) 1458 these are not mentioned in what is essentially the same list.

GD47/4 1484 refers to Myddilladlovan (Middle Ledlewan). Middle Ledlewan was in the barony of Mugdock and was also known as Moss. ‘Middle Ledlewan called the Moss’ in GD220/1/A/3/6/5 1560.

GD220/1/A/3/7/1 1460 refers to Wester Ledlewan in the barony of Mugdock.

GD220/1/A/3/7/13 1570 refers to half the lands of Wester Ledlewan, except a 20 pennyland thereof. This will be 20d Scots or 1s 8d or ⅛ merk.

GD220/1/A/4/1/9 1574 refers to Easter Ledlewan in the barony of Mugdock.

 

Eschend

GD220/2/1/21 c.1342-1362 is, according to the NRS transcript, a

Charter by Donald 6th Earl of Leuenaux to Malcolm, son of Duncan, the son of Murdoch, for his homage and service, of the half of the quarter of the land of Renroch, the half of the quarter of the land of Garterer, and 2 merks’ worth of the land of Drunnecharne, lying nearest to Garterer, in the tenement of Estomer, within the earldom of Leuenaux: to be held by the said Malcolm and his heirs, of the granter and his heirs, in feu, for rendering the King’s forinsee service appertaining to so much land in the said earldom, and 3 suits at the 3 chief pleas of the granter’s court of the Leuenaux.

 

Fraser, Lennox, II, No 21 c. 1342-1362 reads:

medietatem quarterii terre de Renroch, medietatem quarterii terre de Garterer, et duas mercatas terre de Drunnecharne, iacentes propinquius dicte medietati  terre de Garterer, in tenemento de Estomer, ex parte boriali ipsius tenementi

(half quarterland of Renroch, half quarterland of Garterer, 2 merklands of Drunnecharne, lying next to the said half of Garterer, in the holding of Estomer, on its north side)

 

In Cartularium de Levenax pp 66-67, c. 1350, Donald, earl of Lennox gave to Andrew de Cunninghame:

totas terras nostras de Eschend, una cum molendino ejusdem et piscatura de le Pott, videlicet unam dimidiam quartariam terre que vocatur Renrich, et aliam dimidiam quartariam terre que vocatur Garcher, et illam terram que vocatur Duncarme, una cum terra de Drumtheane cum pertinentiis

(our whole lands of Eschend, with its mill and fishing of the Pott, viz. an eighthland called Renrich, another eighthland called Garcher, the land called Duncarme and the land of Drumtheane, with pertinents). The mill of Aschend is mentioned again on p 81. Roy(GM26) marks the ‘Mill of Runroy’ to the north of Runroy by the bight in the river c. NS 502867. ‘The Pott’ is the Pot of Gartness which is a notable fall and salmon leap. (See Guthrie Smith, Strathendrick, p 265, and plate facing p 264).

 

RRS VI (155) 1357 is an inspection of a charter by Donald earl of Lennox to Andrew Cunningham of:

totas terras nostras de Esstchom’ una cum molendino et piscaria eiusdem videlicet

dimidiam quarteriam terre que vocatur Renruth’

et aliam dimidiam quarteriam terre que vocatur Gartheyr

et illam terram que vocatur Drumcarne

una cum terra de Drumcheane cum pertinenciis infra comitatum nostrum de Leuenaux

(all our lands of Esstchom with mill and fishing viz:

a half-quarterland (i.e. an eighthland) called Renruth

another half-quarterland (i.e. eighthland) called Gartheyr

the land called Drumcarne

and the land of Drumcheane with pertinents in our earldom of Lennox).

 

Either this or a very similar charter must lie behind two entries in Robertson’s Index. On p 30 No 11 (David II) there is a charter by David (sic) Earl of Levenache to Andrew Cunningham, of the lands of Ascohome, with the milne and fishing thereof,

the 4th part lands of Leurache,

the half lands of Gartheyre,

the lands of Dromecairne,

the lands of Bromchean,

infra comitatum de Lennox.

Although this is garbled it obviously deals with the same estate. Another, more abbreviated, version appears on p 35 No 11 (Eshom, Drumcarne).

See also RMS I App 2 p 590 Index A No 1145 (Escohoune); p 593, Index A No 1191 (Oschem, Renreut, Goriscoir).

 

These 4 properties were long held together in one unit. RMS III (3140) 1545 refers to the 20m Ranroy; RMS V (76) 1580 calls it the 20m Ranrye. (This is the Renrich of c. 1350 above). In Dumbarton Retours (25) 1625, (53) 1655, (57) 1662 & (71) 1680, the 20m is given as comprising Renroyis, Asquemoir, Drumteane, Drumquhairnis. AS II (622) 1638 list the properties as 5m Drumteyane, 5m Asquhomore, with mill etc, 5m Renroy, 5m Drumquhairne with mill. This is repeated in Dumbarton Retours (45) 1646. More detail is added in Stirling Retours (241) 1666 which specifies 20m Renroyis, comprehending 5m Askemoir alias Over Rinroy, 5m Drumteane, 5m Drumquhairnes & 5m Nether Rinroy. There are also 20m Kerroys in GD39/5/129 1666; 20m Renrois in GD39/5/136 1668; 20m Rinroys, Asquemore, Drumtians & Drumquhairns in GD220/1/H/3/2/5 1706.

 

In summary: in early times the estate went under the name of Eschend (or Estomer or Esstchom or Eshom or Ascohome or Aschend), the first element of which is obviously the same as the first element of Asquemoir (or Asquhomore, Asquomoir, Askemoir etc). It may be that GD220/2/1/21 c.1342-1362 is the earliest document in the series and that the estate wasn’t yet a full 20 merkland. Drumtian is not mentioned and only 2m worth of Drumquharn appears. We are told that this was the part lying nearest to Garterer. Garterer later disappears from the documents but I think suvives within Rinroy. If this is the case then the part of Drumquharn closest to Rinroy would be Little Drumquharn which lies south of the Endrick Water. It may be that by the time of the next document in the series the estate had been made up to the full 20 merkland by the addition of the rest of Drumquharn as well as Drumtian. (Drumtian and Meikle Drumquharn lie to the North of the Endrick Water). This would also help explain the little extension of Killearn parish across to the north side of the Endrick Water to include Meikle Drumquharn and Drumtian (as well as Ballochruin).

 

Two of the constituent properties, Drumtian and Drumquhairne, remain unchanged between 1350 and 1706 – although GD220/2/1/21 c.1342-1362 only gives Drumquhairne a valuation of 2m. There was an eighthland called Renroch or Renruth or Renroy which seems to appear in 1666 as Over Rinroy and Nether Rinroy, each worth 5m. There was another eighthland called Garterer or Garcher or Gartheyr which seems to have disappeared by 1625 but which I suspect had just changed its name to Nether Rinroy. (Blaeu marks ‘Harchyr’ NE of Finnich M. c. NS 4885). An alternative name for Askemoir was Over Rinroy. Renrich, Ranroy, Ranrye, Renroyis etc were variants on Rinroy and in later times the estate went under this name. It is consistently worth 20m with each of the 4 constituent farms worth 5m.

 

We know that it originally consisted of at least 2 eighthlands (i.e. a quarterland) but because of name-changes (and possible accretions) it is difficult to attach precise values to particular farms. I would expect a quarterland in Lennox to be £5 or 7½m. On this basis the 20m estate might represent two-thirds of a carucate. It is remarkable how long it remained intact.

 

Drumtian

This is listed both as part of the Cramennan estate in 1552-3 but also, consistently, as part of the Renroy estate. Either the farm consisted of two parts (for which I have no evidence) or, for some reason it has crept erroneously into the description of Cramennan.

 

Ballochruin

GD220/1/D/6/1/2 1614 refers to £10 Buchananbeg, Buchananmore & Ballachrun. (Boquhan Beg, Boquhan More & Ballochruin)?

 

Croyne (Croy)

In Cartularium de Levenax pp 79-80, Thomas de Cremennane gave Murechanich, the son of Kork:

totam quartariam terre mee de Croyne, quequidem terra jacet inter terram de Fynwyk ex una parte, et terram de Kynherin ex altera

(my whole quarterland of Croyne, which land lies between Fynwyk on the one side and Killearn on the other)

This gift is confirmed by Malcolm earl of Lennox on pp 80-81.

 

Croy Cunningham was 50s, Croy Leckie another 50s – making a total of 100s or £5. Stirling Retours (185) 1646 refers to the superiority of the lands of Croy and gives the old extent as £5. An extent of £5 is what you would expect of a quarterland in Lennox.

 

Killearn

Cartularium de Levenax, pp 35-6, Maldouny earl of Lennox to Stephen of Blantyr (c. 1250):

totam medietatem carucate terre de Kynerine, videlicet illam medietatem in qua ecclesia fundata est, que scotice vocatur Lecheracherach …

+

jus patronatus dicte ecclesie de Kynerine …

(the whole half carucate of Kynerine [Killearn], viz that half in which the church is built, which is called in ‘Scots’ (i.e. Gaelic) Lecheracherach (i.e. half-arachor)

+

the right of patronage over the said church of Killearn …)

 

The word ‘Lecheracherach’ is actually for Letharachor (or Leth-arachor) i.e. half an arachor (cf Skene, Celtic Scotland Vol III p 225 fn 28). In this document half a carucate is specifically equated with half an arachor.

 

Fraser, Lennox, II, No 11, pp 12-13, c. 1248 reads:

Kynherne  … Letharathor

 

(See also GD220/2/1/11).

 

Cartularium de Levenax p 38, Malcolm, earl of Lennox granted and confirmed to Patrick de Grame (Graham):

terram de Kynerine … sicut Stephanus de Blantyr et heredes sui dictam terram tenuerunt et habuerunt

(the land of Killearn … as Stephen of Blantyr and his heirs had and held the said land)

 

The church of Killearn is mentioned again in 1320 (Cartularium de Levenax pp 81-83) when Matilda, Forveleth and Elisabeth, heiresses of half the estate of Thomas de Cremannan, quitclaimed the islands of Creininch [Creinch?], Elanacha and Elanardnoy to Malcolm, earl of Lennox. In the next charter (p 83) Malcolm gave them the island of Elannabot.

 

In these early documents the first element of Killearn is always Kyn- which may be for ceann (head) – unless it is a mistranscription of cille (church). However it is Kyllern in the Register of Glasgow II p 340 of c. 1430. In RMS II (165, 166) 1430 (on originals of 1423) it is Kylern or Kylhern. In RMS II (634) 1458 it is Kilern.

 

As a half-carucate we would expect Killearn to have a value of £10 but when we meet it again in the sixteenth century it is given a value of £5. Half of it may well have been hived off in the intervening two centuries. Just because the church was built there did not mean that it was necessarily church land. (For a similar situation see Strathblane parish). In 1550, 1596, 1601 and 1616 it is consistently spelled Killernane.

 

In several documents Killearn is linked with Treinbeg and Ibert. GD220/1/A/5/5/7 1603 gives 40s Killearn & mill, 20s Treinbeg and Ibert.

 

Spittal (Killearn)

McNiven pp 36-7 reckons this is a transferred name and not a genuine old Spittal.

I disagree. Firstly GD220/1/A/5/6/4 1605 introduces some ambiguity. The NRS transcript reads:

Backbond by John Graham of Killearn to John, Master of Montrose that although the Master disponed to John Graham the lands of Killearn, Treinbeg and Ibert and gave him absolute warrandice in a contract dated 14 Jun 1605, yet if any lands be evicted from him as templelands the Master shall not be bound by the foresaid warrandice; at Edinburgh.

It is almost as if there was an acknowledgement that some of the lands of Killearn or Treinbeg or Ibert may have been templelands. In turn these would have passed to the Hospitallers. Confirmation appears in AS II (125) 1622 which is a sasine of ‘Templelands, commonly called Spittall of Killerne’.

This Spittle appears on the map in Nimmo’s Stirlingshire, 1777, which was based on Edgar’s survey of 1745.

 

Carbeth

This is to be distinguished from the Carbeth in Strathblane parish. It is sometimes Garbeth (Guthrie Smith, Strathendrick pp 309, 347). It is mentioned as a boundary farm in Cartularium de Levenax pp 53-4, where Donald earl of Lennox (c. 1350) granted Gilaspic, son of Macmaldouney, son of Alwin:

illam quartariam terre que vocatur Nentbolg Ferdane, jacentem inter Carfbethrune ex parte una et Culbachane ex parte altera ..

(that quarterland called Nentbolg Ferdane, lying between Carfbethrune [Carbeth] on the one side and Culbachane on the other … ).

See above under Arachors b).

 

It must have an important farm and Grassom’s map of 1817 marks it with 6 different settlements. It appears to have been part of the Haldane estate from at least 1482. Garthbreth in GD86/97/1 1531.

 

Letter

Fraser, Stirlings of Keir, No 56, 1487, gives Lettyr as £10 ‘tempore pacis’ i.e. Old Extent.

Lenyrs 3 (Blaeu). Roy(GM26) gives W. toun of Letter, Lettermill and E. T(oun?). of Letter. I think ‘W. toun’ is now High Lettre in NS 5284, Lettermill is now Lettremill in NS 5283 and ‘E. T(oun?).’ is now Easterton in NS 5282. Letter was granted to James Striviling (Stirling) of Keir in RMS IV (520) 1550. It appears as £5 Letter-Stryveling In Dumbarton Retours (25) 1625, (53) 1655, (57) 1662 & (71) 1680. I assume this comprise all 3 Letters. Stirling Retours (123) 1627 refers to ‘terris templariis de Latter in parochia de Killerne’ (the temple lands of Letter in the parish of Killearn). The retour implies an old extent of 3s 4d or ¼m. GD220/1/A/5/5/7 1603 refers to Spittle (of Letter). For more detail see the Spittal table and http://www.edmonstone.com/.

 

Branshogle

RMS III (3140) 1545 & RMS V (76) 1580 give 10m Burnschogill or Burneschogill as well as 40m Drumschogill. I assume Burnschogill was the head farm of an estate called Drumschogill. However there is also £5 Blairschogill in RPC I pp 553-4 1567 and Retours (Dumbarton) (25) 1625, (53) 1655, (57) 1662 & (71) 1680.

Retours (Stirling) (263) 1673 refers to part(s) of Blairinshogall called ‘Mylnehauch & Tailabout’. It also mentions 40s (3m) Blairinshogall.

Retours (Stirling) (295) 1685 gives £5 OE Brainshogill comprehending the lands of:

Over & Nether Branshogills   [Branshogle]

Tondreochan

Culvacant                                [Culvakkane]

Ovir & Nethir Macharis          [Machar]

Craigshalloch

Clyland                                   [Clayland]

Teyndland &

Woodnuke.

 

Culvakkane

Culbachane is given as a boundary farm c. 1350 (see under Carbeth above). Only the OS gives a spelling beginning Cal-.

 

(Spittal/Temple) of Ballikinrain

McNiven (p 36) quotes Guthrie Smith on charters for 1518 & 1600 which refer to the temple-lands of Ballankinrane commonly called the Hospital of Inverreith. GD1/850/2 1602 refers to Spittal of Innereiche.

The problem is that the name Inverreith or Innereiche implies ‘the mouth of the Reith/Eiche burn’ – probably as it enters the River Endrick. (I cannot find a burn with such a name on any map). Roy(GM26) marks a Spittle well to the south of this.

 

Glenboig (see also above under Arachors)

One of the intriguing questions about this farm is what the first element of the name represents. Now it is ‘Glen’ but this seems to be relatively modern. If we look at the surviving documents in chronological order we can follow the transformation. Our earliest evidence is from the Cartularium de Levenax pp 34-5, c. 1250 (quoted above). In this document Maldonich, earl of Lennox, granted ‘that half arachor of Nentbolg which lies nearer to Fintry’. From the same source (pp 53-4), about a century later, we learn that Donald, earl of Lennox, granted ‘that quarterland called Nentbolg Ferdane’. In 1296 Brice Finlausone de Netbolg put his name to the Ragman Roll.

 

In RMS II (3527) 1510-11 and (3877) 1513 the lands are described as ‘Glen and Enbog’. RSS II (4627) 1542 refers to the 18m (OE) of Neynbogfife (& mill) and Houstonis-Glen. Blaeu’s map of Lennox gives E. & W. Ninboig. Stirling Retours (24) 1600 refers to £12 (18m) OE of ‘Invogfyiff & Houstounesglen nuncupatis Balglas’ (‘Invogfyiff & Houstoun’s glen called Balglas). The family holding these lands bear the name of Houstoun and this had obviously passed to the glen we now know by the name of Balglass. (Old Balglas is at NS 5887 and Balglass Burn runs SSW). Stirling Retours (72) 1610 is very similar: £12 (18m) OE ‘Inbogfyffe & Houstounisglen nuncupatis Balglas’. Stirling Retours (80) 1615 refers to James Edmestoun of Duntreath in 5m OE of ‘Eister Glenboig alias Eneboig, cum molendino, et officio coronatoris vicecomitatus de Striviling’ (Easter Glenboig, alias Eneboig (with mill) and the office of ‘crowner’, sheriffdom of Stirling). The office in question, sometimes referred to as the ‘crowner’, may originally have been the ‘toiseachdeorship’. This is repeated in Stirling Retours (123) 1627: ‘terras de Glenboig cum molendino, et officio corronatus de Stirling cum advocatione ecclesiarum’; (the lands of Glenboig (with mill) and the office of ‘crowner’ of Stirling and the right of presentation to the churches).

 

GD22/1/447 Bundle 2 gives 5m Wester Glenbog in 1505. RMS VI (825) 1598-99 on original of 1598 refers to 5m Eister Glenbolg belonging to Edmestoun family.

GD86/428 1616 is a sasine for 5m Middillinboig. Stirling Retours (186) 1646 refers to 5m OE Middlinboig (Middle Enbog) Dumbarton Retours (25) 1625, (53) 1655, (57) 1662, (71) 1680 are all very similar and include 10m Enboggis alias Glenboggis-Cunyngham & Mackewin, (albeit Enboggis is spelled Cubbogis in 1625). The appended names Cunyngham and Mackewin represent ownership or occupation by these families. Stirling Retours (226) 1658 refers to 5m OE of ‘Midle Inboig sumtyme Glenboig-Cuninghame, with the milne called the Clockmilne, within the … parochin of Kilerne’. (It may be that the Clockmilne lay on the Cloch Burn). Stirling Retours (295) 1685 refers to Neinbeg-Cunninghame alias Midlinboig.

GD220/1/A/5/4/8 1599 gives Glenboig Cunningham (Middle Glenboig), Glenboig McKoune & Glenboig Edmonstone (Easter Glenboig).

In conclusion we can say that the three parts of Glenboig were named after the families who held them. They were worth 5m each so making a 15m or £10 half-arachor as given c. 1250. (For a dispute in 1802 about the values of these lands see ‘Decisions of the Court of Session’ Vol 11, pp 8597-8).

(Balglass may have been another 3m but I have found no proof of this).

See also RMS VI (825) 1598-99 on original of 1585, for the complication of 10m Glen-Edmestoun.

 

We have therefore a variety of documentary sources which suggest that the first element of Glenboig was not originally ‘Glen’ but something like ‘Nent/Neyn/Nin’ or, later, ‘En/Ene/In’. This prefix withstood any early onslaught from Gaelic and has only gradually been replaced by Gaelic ‘Gleann/Glen’ within the last 500 years. Since it is only the prefix which has changed it may be that ‘Glen’ has the same meaning as the word it replaced, but was just more familiar to local Gaelic-speakers. A possible candidate for the earlier first element is a word similar to ‘nant’ (Welsh: brook, gorge, ravine) or ‘nans’ (Cornish: ‘valley, dale, ravine’). There is also a River Nant which lies a little west of River Awe in Argyll but Watson (CPNS p 438) prefers to derive this from the Gaelic word for nettles. The River Nant is a substantial watercourse so I do not find this persuasive.

 

To the eastern half-arachor of Nentbolg we can add the western quarter-arachor of Nentbolg Ferdane between Carbeth and Culvakkane – as discussed above. The gap between Balglas (by the western boundary of Nentbolg) and Culvakkane (the eastern boundary of Nentbolg Ferdane) is filled by Ballikinrain. Was this once the final quarterland of the arachor of Nentbolg? It has a valuation of £5 which is what you would expect for a quarter arachor in Lennox. However although this appears neat and tidy we have not included Balglass or Gerchew which lie between Nentbolg and Ballikinrain. I do not know whether they had values independently of Nentbolg and Ballikinrain. It is also possible that the carucate of Nentbolg may not have all been physically contiguous – but I have to leave this unresolved.